Teleostei (teleosts) >
Anguilliformes (Eels and morays) >
Muraenidae (Moray eels) > Muraeninae
Etymology: Gymnothorax: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, thorax, -akos = breast (Ref. 45335); emmae: Named for E.S. Karmovskaya, a renowned Russian expert in anguilliform fishes.
Eponymy: Dr Emma Stanislavovna Karmovskaya (d: 1937) is a Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Oceanic Ichthyofauna of the Institute of Oceanology, P P Shirshov RAS. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; benthopelagic; depth range 14 - 100 m (Ref. 85566). Tropical
Distribution
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri
Western Pacific: Vietnam.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - 24 cm
Max length : 43.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 85566)
Short description
Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics
This species is distinguished by the following characters: uniserial intemaxillary, vomerine, maxillary and, as a rule, mandibular teeth; 121-129 vertebrae (mean vertebral formula MVF 2-47-125); reticulate-spotted pattern of head; three-six longitudinal rows of dark spots in the brachial area; numerous tortuous transverse dark bands on the body and fins, mostly not connected with each other; a thin white fringe at the end of dorsal and anal and on caudal fins (Ref. 85566).
Body shape (shape guide): eel-like; Cross section: circular.
This species occurs only on soft grounds, silted or sandy, up to depths of 100 m (usually much less). Stomachs of examined specimens contained small fish and stomatopods. Eggs are large (1 mm in diameter) and pallid yellowish and spawners with mature gonads occurred in spring-summer. It has no commercial value and captured fish are used as forage for animals or discarded (Ref. 85566).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Prokofiev, A.M., 2010. Two new species of fishes from Families Muraenidae (Anguilliformes) and Mugiloididae (Perciformes) from the waters of Vietnam. J. Ichthyol. 50(8):580-589. (Ref. 85566)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: minor commercial
Tools
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Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00048 (0.00025 - 0.00091), b=3.28 (3.12 - 3.44), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref.
120179): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
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