Environment: milieu / climate zone / distribuzione batimetrica / distribution range
Ecologia
marino batidemersale; distribuzione batimetrica 0 - 680 m (Ref. 50610). Deep-water; 62°N - 36°N, 127°E - 121°W
North Pacific: Japan and Bering Sea to Monterey Bay in California, USA.
Size / Peso / Age
Maturità: Lm ?  range ? - 12.3 cm
Max length : 183 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 2850); peso massimo pubblicato: 91.0 kg (Ref. 2850); Età massima riportata: 12 anni (Ref. 72458)
Short description
Chiavi di identificazione | Morfologia | Morfometria
Spine dorsali (totale) : 11 - 12; Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 13 - 16; Spine anali: 3; Raggi anali molli: 10 - 12. Body stout. Head round on dorsal profile. Dorsal fin separated by a space less than eye diameter. anal fin without a distinct spine. Young fish with striking white blotches on body. Color changes to dark gray.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Adults inhabit deep rocky bottoms offshore (Ref. 6885). Juveniles associated with drifting seaweed (Ref. 12114, 12115).
Hart, J.L., 1973. Pacific fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 180:740 p. (Ref. 6885)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Pesca: commerciale; Pesce da pesca sportiva: si; Acquario: Acquari pubblici
Strumenti
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Fonte Biblio.
123201): 0.8 - 7, mean 4.1 °C (based on 300 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Fonte Biblio.
82804): PD
50 = 1.2500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01905 (0.01099 - 0.03305), b=2.99 (2.83 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Fonte Biblio.
69278): 4.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 14.8 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Resilienza (Fonte Biblio.
120179): Basso, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 4.5 - 14 anni (K=0.07; tmax=12).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (85 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 11.3 [6.5, 26.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.376 [0.187, 0.758] mg/100g; Protein = 17.3 [15.9, 18.6] %; Omega3 = 0.466 [0.207, 1.313] g/100g; Selenium = 25.7 [11.3, 64.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.71 [2.11, 43.35] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.244 [0.166, 0.375] mg/100g (wet weight);